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May 7, 2010 09:02  by Dr. Lorne Brandes

As I write this blog, hundreds of MS patients have just rallied at legislatures across the country, asking the provinces to pay for immediate CCSVI testing and treatment.

And, in what can only be described as a stunning turnaround from its initial negative response to Dr. Paolo Zamboni’s paradigm-shifting hypothesis that multiple sclerosis may be primarily vascular in origin, the Canadian MS Society, supported by the federal Liberal Party, is now lobbying Ottawa for $10 million to help kick-start CCSVI clinical trials and research. It is a tacit, but welcome, admission that the $200,000 to be awarded next month to successful applicants in the organization’s special CCSVI grant competition falls far short of the mark.

"The MS community has spoken. They want access to diagnostics and treatment for CCSVI in Canada. The MS Society has already committed to funding CCSVI research and now we are calling on the Government of Canada to do its part,” commented MS Society board chair, Linda Lumsden.

While lobbying the federal government is not guaranteed to quickly produce results, let alone be successful, I believe I know a groundswell of public support when I see one. So do politicians, bless their hearts. The CCSVI train has definitely left the station, piloted by thousands of brave patients with MS who, enabled by the incredible power of the Internet, have refused to take “no” for an answer.

As all of this unfolds in Canada, a new report from doctors in Jordan has just been published. While their ultrasound tests to assess blood flow in the internal jugular (neck) veins were not blinded to prevent “observer bias”, they found that 21 of 25 patients with MS had CCSVI, as compared to none of 25 healthy controls.

Assuming that a highly significant association between CCSVI and MS continues to be shown, let us turn to treatment (happily mentioned in Ms. Lumsden’s statement): the procedure of balloon venoplasty is currently thought to be safer than the use of stents to open up narrowed or blocked veins. Although simply a variation of balloon angioplasty, a relatively safe procedure used in hundreds of thousands of patients every year to treat blocked coronary and other arteries, opponents of treating CCSVI outside of clinical trials continue to raise the issue of safety if this method is applied to thin neck veins in MS patients. Are there not bound to be serious adverse events associated with such treatment?

In fact, there is no easy answer to that question. Why not? Because, with the exception of Zamboni’s published studies in MS, there appear to be no previous reports, let alone clinical trials, of balloon venoplasty on jugular veins in the entire medical literature! In other words, until Dr. Zamboni linked jugular vein blockage to MS, it seems that nobody paid attention to the existence of “asymptomatic” anomalies in neck veins, much less their treatment.

Then what about angioplasty? Here the literature is very revealing, but in a completely (to me) unanticipated way.

In a comprehensive 1995 review of the subject in the American Heart Journal, Mueller and Sanborn wrote: “The history of angioplasty… has been marked by a steady stream of intellectual and technological advances. The promise of non-surgical revascularization has led to unbridled enthusiasm for these devices despite the relative lack of long-term or randomized data on safety and efficacy. [The italics are mine].

Believe it or not, Andreas Gruentzig, the “father” of the modern double-lumen balloon catheter to treat clogged arteries, perfected and made his devices on his kitchen table in 1975. After conducting a few animal and human cadaver experiments, he performed his first coronary angioplasty using a “kitchen catheter” on a living person in 1977!

After presenting the results of his first four angioplasty cases at a meeting of the American Heart Association that same year, it is reported that his colleagues burst into applause, recognizing this breakthrough with a standing ovation. Thereafter, Gruentzig travelled the country, teaching his method to scores of other doctors.

Soon, angioplasty was in widespread use without having gone through (up to that time) a proper clinical trial!

One would have to be forgiven, then, for suggesting that, had Dr. Zamboni made his discovery in 1977, patients with MS likely would have had their “liberation procedure” performed, probably with little or no hesitation, by the eager Gruentzig disciples of that era, and certainly without the stringent time-consuming clinical trials required in the 21st century.

Am I advocating a return to the past? No. But it is certainly sobering to learn that balloon angioplasty, a highly effective, often life-saving procedure in wide use today, went through considerably less investigation prior to its adoption than Dr. Zamboni’s balloon venoplasty for the treatment of CCSVI… an important consideration for those who argue against treating blocked neck veins without years of further study.

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